With the passage of time, our skin undergoes a decline in cellular function and structural integrity. While we often think of this as inevitable, multiple factors come into play that can accelerate (or slow down) this natural process of wear and tear.
Genetics determine our predisposition to aging, and external factors such as UV exposure, smoking, and pollution can significantly accelerate the process. Various studies have demonstrated that chronic sun exposure is responsible for about 80 -90% of skin aging resulting in visible symptoms such as fine lines, uneven texture, and hyperpigmentation, making skin appear duller and “older”.
At a cellular level, skin aging is a complex process involving several mechanisms detailed below:
Normally, the upper layers of our skin regenerate every 28 days. Older cells shed off and new cells take their place. As we age, the rate of cellular turnover slows down, and the older cells aren’t shed fast enough, leading to a buildup of dead skin cells on the surface. This results in dull, uneven skin tone and a loss of visible radiance.
From overnight collagen masks to oral supplements that claim to combat collagen loss, this molecule has taken the world by storm. Collagen is a key protein in the dermis and is responsible for maintaining skin volume. It diminishes over time leading to a loss of skin elasticity and firmness, resulting in sagging, sunken cheeks and the formation of fine lines and wrinkles.
Photodamage is skin damage caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, tanning beds, or sun lamps. UVA and UVB rays penetrate the skin and generate ROS and free radicals as byproducts of cellular metabolism that increase with age. These unstable molecules cause oxidative stress, damaging cellular structures, including DNA, proteins, and lipids, accelerating natural aging.
The mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of cells, experience a decline in efficiency. This reduction in energy production combined with mutations that predispose to DNA damage affects the skin’s ability to repair and causes an increase in the rate of cell death, contributing to the aging process.
Most cells in our body can only divide a limited number of times due to the presence of telomeres which are crucial in preserving genetic stability. Every time a cell divides, its telomeres shorten slightly, acting as a biological clock. When telomeres become too short, cells enter a state known as senescence, where they stop dividing and functioning properly. This process causes skin aging at a cellular level.
These cellular changes collectively manifest as the visible signs of aging skin, including fine lines, wrinkles, and a loss of firmness and elasticity.
While genetic (melanin content etc.) and lifestyle differences (sun exposure, smoking, diet, etc.) can accelerate or slow down the rate of skin aging, at a cellular level, skin aging and the related processes, are fundamentally the same.
Here is a summary of the most commonly experienced changes in the skin with the passage of time:
When it comes to the aging of our skin, it is best to consider how to look after the skin and long-term skin health, to slow down visible signs of aging:
80% of skin aging is caused by overexposure to the sun therefore, protecting skin from UV damage by wearing and reapplying sunscreen, and wearing sunglasses is essential. Quitting smoking, and reducing stress is essential. There's also growing evidence that certain diets like intermittent fasting and calorie restriction may promote longevity by triggering autophagy and reducing cellular stress.
Dietary modifications can go a long way in helping slow down skin aging and keep skin looking bright and youthful. Greens such as kale and spinach are antioxidant powerhouses. Fresh berries such as blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries are also rich in antioxidants which can help protect against free radical damage. The anti-inflammatory properties of green tea are well known and researched. Lycopene from tomatoes, flavonoids in dark chocolate, and omega-3 fatty acids from walnuts and pecans all boost skin hydration and repair. Most of these superfoods can be easily incorporated into your daily diet.
Clinically backed, non-irritating skin care can also support the process of slowing and reversing skin aging. Skincare with antioxidants scavenge free radicals and promote cellular regeneration.
The Abundance Plumping PhytoCeramide Cleanser is a versatile product combining the benefits of a hydrating, pH balancing cleanser with the rejuvenating effects of a potent brightening mask. Key ingredients like pineapple ceramides work to enhance skin hydration and strengthen the skin barrier, support a healthy skin biome, and ensure that the skin remains resilient and well-protected with time.
Motif’s Brightening Bicelle Serum is a potent treatment of antioxidant molecules such as bakuchiol, oxyresveratrol, niacinamide, and squalene with clinically-proven anti-aging benefits. Its Bicelle technology goes beyond providing surface-level effects by working at a cellular level to address the root causes of skin aging. With consistent use, you’ll notice a more even complexion, reduced dark spots, and a firmer, more youthful appearance.
The Renew Resurfacing Peptide Toner has smaller molecule AHA ingredients like lactic, mandelic, and malic acids that work synergistically to gently exfoliate the skin, revealing a smoother, more radiant complexion. Reduced cell turnover is one of the reasons the skin appears dull and feels rough. This toner helps remove cell build-up making it the perfect weekly boost to keep your skin looking and feeling its best.
These ingredients, when used in synergy, provide a comprehensive approach to combating skin aging at a cellular level, helping to maintain youthful, vibrant skin.
While chronological aging is inevitable, biological aging can be managed with informed and thoughtful choices.
Understanding the mechanisms behind skin aging is vital. By incorporating effective lifestyle changes and skincare products that target the causes of aging—such as oxidative stress, collagen degradation, and cellular turnover—we can slow down the visible signs and maintain a youthful, radiant complexion.
Thoughtful skin care choices, including the use of antioxidants, peptides, and exfoliating acids, empower us to take control of our skin's health and appearance, proving that aging gracefully is well within our reach.
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He X, Wan F, Su W, Xie W. Research Progress on Skin Aging and Active Ingredients. Molecules. 2023;28(14):5556. Published 2023 Jul 20. doi:10.3390/molecules28145556
